Introduction
The coconut medal Cocos nucifera L is one of the almost beautiful and useful palms in the world. It is important that it provides a flesh of useful products like food, fuel and timber. Every part of the guide is being utilized for some purpose or other. On account of this it is called “Kalpavriksha” the tree of heaven, the tree that provides all the necessities of life.
The average productiveness of coconut in India is around 40 nuts palm-1 year-1. However, thither exists a wide gap between the average productiveness (40 nuts palm-1 year-1.) and the research station yield (175 nuts palm-1 year-1.). The miserable national average is mainly due to unscientific conclusion along withpoor/no management practices which include inadequate irrigation, manuring, and armorial bearing of senile and unproductive palms, low genetic potential of ingrained palms, presence of diseases, pests and cultivation in marginal and sub-marginal lands. Planting gamey yielding varieties and adopting modern production technologies can increase the productivity. Added to this, the equipment casualty fluctuation in coconut, aggravation the conditions of the coconut farmer.
Therefore to beget about sustainability in coconut farming adotion of scientific cultivation for coconut cultivation, crop intensification and product diversification be important factor.
Area, production and productivity of coconut
In India, most of the acreage under coconut palm (90%) lies in the four southern states i.e., Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. Kerala ranks first in area (53.76%) and production (45%) followed by TN, Karnataka and AP. Comparing the different states which are having fairly large area under coconut TN has a high level of productivity. In the world scenario, India ranks third in area (1.91 one million million ha) and first in production with 14925 million nuts followed by Indonesia and Philippines.
Coconut Agro-Ecological Requirements
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